{"id":7248,"date":"2023-03-28T15:02:23","date_gmt":"2023-03-28T13:02:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/websrv.saske.sk\/uef\/?p=7248"},"modified":"2023-03-28T15:02:23","modified_gmt":"2023-03-28T13:02:23","slug":"sonda-esa-bepicolombo-uspesna-na-polceste-k-merkuru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/websrv.saske.sk\/uef\/sonda-esa-bepicolombo-uspesna-na-polceste-k-merkuru\/","title":{"rendered":"Sonda ESA BepiColombo \u00faspe\u0161n\u00e1 na „polceste“ k Merk\u00faru"},"content":{"rendered":"

Medziplanet\u00e1rna sonda ESA BepiColombo od\u0161tartovala k\u00a0Merk\u00faru e\u0161te v okt\u00f3bri 2018 a hlavn\u00e9 v\u00fdskumn\u00e9 \u00falohy ju \u010dakaj\u00fa a\u017e v decembri 2025, ke\u010f \u201ezaparkuje\u201c na orbite okolo tejto plan\u00e9ty. Polcesta k\u00a0Merk\u00faru je iba \u010dasov\u00e1, nie v\u0161ak vzdialenostn\u00e1, preto\u017ee u\u017e teraz sa sonda k\u00a0plan\u00e9te opakovane pribli\u017euje a jej vedeck\u00e9 aparat\u00fary u\u017e prin\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa prv\u00e9 unik\u00e1tne v\u00fdsledky.<\/b><\/p>\n

Probl\u00e9m, pre\u010do sonda e\u0161te nevie pri Merk\u00fare zaparkova\u0165, s\u00favis\u00ed so z\u00e1konmi nebeskej mechaniky a\u00a0obmedzen\u00fdmi energetick\u00fdmi zdrojmi pre medziplanet\u00e1rne lety. Ke\u010f\u017ee sonda vy\u0161tartovala zo zemskej orbity, ktor\u00e1 je od Slnka \u010falej ako orbita Merk\u00faru, na ceste k\u00a0tejto plan\u00e9te je ur\u00fdch\u013eovan\u00e1 slne\u010dnou gravit\u00e1ciou, tak\u017ee v\u00a0podstate \u201epad\u00e1\u201c k\u00a0Slnku a\u00a0ak by nebola priebe\u017ene brzden\u00e1, nabrala by pr\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00fa r\u00fdchlos\u0165. Napriek brzdeniu chemick\u00fdmi a\u00a0jedine\u010dn\u00fdmi i\u00f3nov\u00fdmi motormi a\u00a0pomocou gravita\u010dn\u00fdch asistenci\u00ed pri bl\u00edzkych preletoch okolo Zeme, Venu\u0161e aj samotn\u00e9ho Merk\u00faru, sonda e\u0161te st\u00e1le popri \u0148om prelietava pr\u00edli\u0161 r\u00fdchlo, aby sa dok\u00e1zala\u00a0gravita\u010dne zachyti\u0165 na jeho orbite. Zatia\u013e sonda vyu\u017eila jednu gravita\u010dn\u00fa asistenciu od Zeme, dve od Venu\u0161e a\u00a0dve od samotn\u00e9ho Merk\u00faru, od ktor\u00e9ho bude potrebova\u0165 e\u0161te \u0161tyri \u010fal\u0161ie. V\u00fdpo\u010dty, pod\u013ea ktor\u00fdch sonda s\u00a0vyu\u017eit\u00edm gravita\u010dn\u00fdch asistenci\u00ed na Merk\u00far v\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnosti optim\u00e1lne let\u00ed, uskuto\u010dnil taliansky vedec Giuseppe \u201eBepi\u201c Colombo, na ktor\u00e9ho po\u010des\u0165 je sonda pomenovan\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Sonda\u00a0BepiColombo<\/a><\/u>\u00a0v\u00a0hodnote viac ako dve miliardy eur pozost\u00e1va z\u00a0troch \u010dast\u00ed: eur\u00f3pskeho planet\u00e1rneho orbitera MPO, japonsk\u00e9ho magnetosf\u00e9rick\u00e9ho orbitera MMO (Mio) a\u00a0z\u00a0transferov\u00e9ho modulu MTM, ktor\u00fd zabezpe\u010duje pohon a man\u00e9vre chemick\u00fdmi a\u00a0i\u00f3nov\u00fdmi motormi. Nie v\u0161etky vedeck\u00e9 aparat\u00fary v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017eu akt\u00edvne pracova\u0165 u\u017e teraz, ke\u010f\u017ee senzory niektor\u00fdch zatia\u013e blokuje transferov\u00fd modul. Medzi \u201e\u0161\u0165astlivcov\u201c s\u00a0vo\u013en\u00fdm zorn\u00fdm po\u013eom patr\u00ed aj i\u00f3nov\u00fd hmotnostn\u00fd spektrometer PICAM (Planetary Ion CAMera).\u00a0\u201ePICAM bol skon\u0161truovan\u00fd v\u00a0r\u00e1mci ve\u013emi \u0161irokej medzin\u00e1rodnej spolupr\u00e1ce s\u00a0prispen\u00edm n\u00e1\u0161ho \u00dastavu experiment\u00e1lnej fyziky SAV, v. v. i., aj\u00a0slovensk\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch firiem,\u201c<\/i> uviedol jeden z jeho kon\u0161trukt\u00e9rov Ing. J\u00e1n Bal\u00e1\u017e, PhD. Senzory PICAM a MIPA (Miniature Ion Precipitation Analyser) s\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou vedeck\u00e9ho komplexu SERENA<\/a><\/u>\u00a0(Search for Exospheric Refilling and Emitted Natural Abundances) a u\u017e pri\u00a0prvom prelete popri Merk\u00fare<\/a><\/u>\u00a0zaznamenali v\u00a0jeho ju\u017enej vn\u00fatornej magnetosf\u00e9re unik\u00e1tne vedeck\u00e9 d\u00e1ta, \u010do aj s\u00a0afili\u00e1ciou \u00dastavu experiment\u00e1lnej fyziky SAV, v. v. i., popisuje prest\u00ed\u017eny vedeck\u00fd \u010dasopis\u00a0Nature Communications<\/a><\/u>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Prevzat\u00e9 z Aktuality SAV<\/a><\/p>\n

Text a foto: Oddelenie kozmickej fyziky<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Medziplanet\u00e1rna sonda ESA BepiColombo od\u0161tartovala k\u00a0Merk\u00faru e\u0161te v okt\u00f3bri 2018 a hlavn\u00e9 v\u00fdskumn\u00e9 \u00falohy ju \u010dakaj\u00fa a\u017e v decembri 2025, ke\u010f \u201ezaparkuje\u201c na orbite okolo…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":7249,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/websrv.saske.sk\/uef\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7248"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/websrv.saske.sk\/uef\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/websrv.saske.sk\/uef\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/websrv.saske.sk\/uef\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/websrv.saske.sk\/uef\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7248"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/websrv.saske.sk\/uef\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7248\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7252,"href":"https:\/\/websrv.saske.sk\/uef\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7248\/revisions\/7252"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/websrv.saske.sk\/uef\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7249"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/websrv.saske.sk\/uef\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7248"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/websrv.saske.sk\/uef\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7248"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/websrv.saske.sk\/uef\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7248"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}